Check out all the tutorials on Molecular Biology.
In this article, I provide a brief explanation of advanced DNA sequencing technologies. DNA Sequencing The process of determining the order of nucleotides in DNA is called DNA sequencing. It determines the order of the four bases, i.e., adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine. The nucleotide sequence is the basis for understanding a gene or genome, as … Read more >>
In this article, I will briefly describe the different structural variants of DNA and some unusual sequences beyond the double helix. The DNA Double Helix The journey of understanding DNA began in 1868, when Friedrich Miescher first isolated and characterized a substance he called nuclein, now known as DNA. In the late 1940s, Erwin Chargaff … Read more >>
In this article, I describe the genome and the complexity within it. Genome and Genome Annotation The genome contains all the essential information an organism requires for its growth and functioning. It represents the entire collection of genetic material within an organism. A genome sequence comprises a lengthy string of the nucleotides A, G, T, … Read more >>
In this article, I briefly describe how CRISPR technology inactivates a gene and observes the resulting changes, helping scientists understand the gene’s normal function. Introduction of the CRISPR Technology Gene mutation is necessary to understand the function of a gene. Researchers can then examine the effect of genomic alteration on cell growth or function. Introduction … Read more >>
In this article, I briefly describe how green fluorescent protein helps identify proteins in cells. Protein Localization and Function Locating a gene product within the cell helps provide significant insight into its function. For instance, a protein found solely in the nucleus is likely to participate in nuclear-specific processes such as transcription, DNA replication, or … Read more >>
In this article, I briefly describe the various ways of expressing recombinant proteins. Recombinant Proteins Proteins can be artificially produced by inserting a gene encoding the desired protein into a host organism. This process is carried out with the help of recombinant DNA technology. This way, the host cells can express and produce large amounts … Read more >>
In this article, I briefly describe the application of gene cloning in medicine. Gene cloning Gene cloning begins with isolating and inserting a specific gene into a vector. The vector is then introduced into a host organism. It makes multiple, identical copies of a particular gene or DNA segment. The host organism then replicates, producing … Read more >>
In this article, I briefly describe the application of gene cloning in producing recombinant proteins. Gene cloning It is a molecular biology technique that makes identical copies of a particular piece of DNA, or gene. A target gene is introduced into a circular piece of DNA called a plasmid in a cloning experiment. The plasmid … Read more >>
In this article, I briefly describe the types of cloning vehicles and their properties. Cloning vehicle In a gene cloning experiment, a cloning vehicle plays a central role in transporting the gene into the host cell and is responsible for its replication. Plasmids and bacteriophages act as vectors for transporting genes. The vector carries the … Read more >>
In this article, I briefly describe western blotting and its applications. Western blotting The technique of identifying a specific protein in a complex mixture of proteins is known as western blotting. This was developed by Towbin, et al. in 1979. It is also called immunoblotting as an antibody is specifically used to detect its antigen. … Read more >>